1/29/2024 0 Comments D amphetamineProcessing information is a complex cognitive activity that involves attention, working memory, and response selection. However, facilitation is commonly attributed to an enhancement of information processing under the drug ( Koelega, 1993 Wesnes et al., 1987). The cognitive mechanisms by which stimulants improve performance are unclear. It also has been suggested that illicit use of stimulants, such as d-amphetamine and cocaine, might be motivated in part by a desire to self-medicate behavioral and cognitive deficits (e.g., Khantzian, 1985 Schiffer, 1988). The stimulant drugs, methylphenidate (Ritalin) and d-amphetamine, are prescribed to treat behavioral and cognitive impairments associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other disorders of self-control ( Tannock, 1998). Studies have shown that stimulants, such as nicotine, caffeine, and amphetamines, can allay fatigue, increase vigilance, speed reaction time, prolong effort, and generally increase work output (for review, see Koelega, 1993). Stimulant drugs are commonly reported to improve performance in humans (e.g., Koelega, 1993 Weiss and Laties, 1962). The findings highlight the complex nature of stimulant effects on human behavior and the utility of performance tasks as models of complex behavioral and cognitive functions. The findings indicate that a stimulant drug can enhance aspects of cognitive functioning without producing a concomitant improvement in inhibitory control of behavior. Stimulant effects were also observed in physiological and subjective effects measures. By contrast, no enhancement of response inhibition was observed. Results showed that d-amphetamine improved information processing in a dose-dependent manner. Performance was measured in response to 15 mg/70 kg, 7.5 mg/70 kg, and 0 mg/70 mg (placebo) doses of d-amphetamine, administered double-blind in a randomized, within-subjects design. Information processing was measured by a rapid information processing (RIP) task and inhibitory control was measured using a stop-signal task. The present research tested the joint effects of d-amphetamine on information processing and inhibitory control in healthy adults ( N = 22) with no reported history of illicit stimulant use or drug dependence. ![]() ![]() Although stimulants are generally associated with enhanced information processing, reports of stimulant effects on behavioral functions that rely on inhibitory processes have been inconsistent.
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